While on a wonderful five-week sojourn in Dullstroom recently I read a book and watched a documentary that deal with abuse in the Christian church. The book is Bully Pulpit, by Michael Kruger. The documentary The Secrets of Hillsong.
In Bully Pulpit Kruger explains the concept of spiritual abuse and how to deal with it. The term is one I had privately coined some years ago and so was interested to see someone else use it. In the context of the Christian church, says Kruger, spiritual abuse is done by a bully, usually but not limited to, a pastor. He does this towards staff members, sometimes congregants. Bullying can involve manipulation, verbal abuse and more. The bullying has ‘spiritual’ power because it uses victims’ faith against them, uses the office of the pulpit, and words from the Bible, to dominate. The bully’s overwhelming desire – borne out of weakness – is to have power. That desire for power extends to protecting himself in the event of being found out. If he is confronted for his behaviour he might twist the story so that he looks like the victim instead. Kruger details how bully pastors spread their nets wider by picking elder boards of ‘yes men’. He tells those boards his version of victims’ complaints. This means that the boards – and by extension congregants – never know the full stories behind the complaints, which in turn means that the bully is able to appear one way to some people but another to others.
Boards and ordinary congregants are likely to believe the versions told by the bully pastors, Kruger says, because, as humans, we have a ‘truth-to-tell bias’, meaning we naturally believe people (in this case pastors) are telling the truth. We also fail, as Christians, to maintain a ‘belief in monsters’, that all people can be monsters. That churches house abusers, just as political and corporate institutions do. We are therefore shocked at news of a pastor bullying and not likely to believe that he is abusing people. Because victims are overwhelmingly fearful of further reprisals, they often fail to speak out, however, and simply quietly leave the church.
And, so, the abuse can continue.
In The Secrets of Hillsong, which aired on Disney+, investigative journalists and a whistleblower, carefully unpack the financial mismanagement, sexual, spiritual and employee abuse, and subsequent cover-ups in the Christian megachurch, Hillsong. I was drawn to the documentary by the Daily Maverick review which called it ‘poised, impartial, respectful, and empathetic to the beliefs and experiences of those involved’. In the documentary I particularly liked the measured, patient approach of whistleblower, Jake M.D. Elliot, and was left wanting to adopt such an attitude myself in my own context.
In Bully Pulpit Kruger in fact shows how churches can prevent bullies in the first place by choosing pastors based on character not charismatic ability. He also shows ways that elder boards can respond sympathetically to complaints by victims, and how accountability structures can be set in place.
My one criticism of Bully Pulpit is that Kruger gives no spiritual guidance or scriptural teaching on how bullies themselves can stop being bullies. If I have learnt anything from both Bully Pulpit and The Secrets of Hillsong, however, it is to be more critical of the failings of my own church context. To be an ongoing questioning voice within my church, a whistleblower if you will. But not a voice after the fact, or that of an angry victim. After all, the Bible urges ordinary believers to ‘examine the Scriptures to see if what [is taught] is true’ (Acts 17:11), implying a maturity that respects but not blindly follows leaders. This is tough and I am yet to learn how to balance respect for pastors with a healthy ‘belief in monsters’; how to earnestly believe the God of truth and yet expect deception in the church.